![]() THE IMPACT OF NIGERIAN PIDGIN ON THE WRITTEN ENGLISH OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Abstract This study investigated the effectiveness of Nigerian Pidgin English in Nigerian senior secondary school in Lagos state. Item Type: Project Material | 50 pages | 23,547 engagements | THE USE OF EXTENSIVE READING IN PROMOTING COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL ABSTRACT The study examined the extent of the use of extensive reading in promoting communication competence in secondary school with reference to so. Item Type: Project Material | 50 pages | 11,081 engagements | His striving therefore has more to do with tragic optimism than with the outcome, an idea that is also applicable to the heroic characters in Camus’s The Plague and Soyinka’s Season of Anomy.ĪCVIEVING UNITY AND COHERENCE THROUGH CONTRADICTIONS IN THE NOVELS OF ACHEBE, IYAYI AND HABILA ABSTRACT This study attempts an exploration of how unity and coherence through contradictions are achieved in Achebe‟sThings Fall Apart, Iyayi‟s. Nietzsche indicates that the universal instinct, which the Overman possessesenables him find freedom in struggle, and for this fact, he cannot refuse to struggle no matter the degree of terror that faces him. Thus in his theory of the Ubermench (the Overman or Superman ), Nietzsche proposes that the superior individual fights defiantly and cheerfully in the face of suffering ( Human All Too Human 340). According to Akwanya and Anohu, Nietzsche’s Superman “resembles the Aristotelian he ro in so far as he stands above mediocrity but differs from him in that the latter is already realized” (44). In a way, he connects to the figure that Nietzsche identifies as “a titanically striving individual who struggles because he must” ( The Birth of Tragedy 72) and who must affirm the invincibility of the human spirit in the midst of terrible circumstances. This individual must be accounted to be “more than man” ( Oedipus the King, lines 29) in as much as the experience facing him is more than man. To be sure, Aristotle in his theory of tragedy, provides the background for apprehending the hero as one who must show great courage in the face of adversity. ![]() Literary studies in general and tragedy in particular, grapple with this question of the impulse that propels the hero’s defiant will to struggle in the face of terror. In Camus’s The Plague and Soyinka’s Season of Anomy, tragic optimism shows the hero’s defiant will to struggle in the face of terrible circumstances. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 646843.Nietzsche’s theory of the Ubermensch (the Overman) shows that the superior individual, propelled by tragic optimism, struggles relentlessly and cheerfully in the face of terror, a notion that is also applicable to characters in literature. Tragic optimism as a buffer against COVID-19 suffering and the psychometric properties of a brief version of the Life Attitudes Scale. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 9(1), 23-31. ![]() Development of the Vicarious Resilience Scale (VRS): A measure of positive effects of working with trauma survivors. Killian, K.D., Hernandez, P., Engstrom, D., & Gangsei, D. Olatunji (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of anxiety and related disorders (pp. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 5(5). Form tribulations to appreciation: experiencing adversity in the past predicts greater savoring in the present. In fact, if one learns to flex one’s gratitude muscles, experiencing adversity can enhance appreciation for life’s simple pleasures (Croft, Dunn, & Quoidbach, 2014).Ĭroft, A., Dunn, E.W., & Quoidbach, J. That comes from processing traumatic events by wrestling with them and actively searching for meaning from what we've been confronted with. But simply surviving a trauma doesn’t guarantee growth. Studies of post-traumatic growth (PTG), and vicarious resilience (Killian et al., 2017) have found that we can grow through primary and secondary traumatic events, leading to increased appreciation of one’s life and increased compassion, purpose, and altruism. ![]() It may also cause one to miss out on an opportunity for growth (Kaufman, 2021). In my professional and clinical roles, I don’t tell clients, supervisees, or friends to simply “stay positive” because it rings hollow during a global crisis and sounds like a ducking of reality. Psychological researchers refer to such a stance as toxic optimism, and it’s just not very helpful. A Pollyanna-ish stance of “everything’s coming up roses” and rushing to all places normal-when 1 in 500 Americans have died of COVID-is tone deaf and, frankly, out of touch. As Buddhists remind us, being human means experiencing discomfort, disappointment, and pain human existence involves suffering. ![]()
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